brownell



' (No Model.) v r W. L. BROWNELL. PROCESS OF MAKING BOILERS.

No. 280,905; Patented July 10, 1888.

EI'ERSv mnloLm-o n her. Wahingicn. 0,6,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIS L. BBOWNELL, OF BROOKLYNf NEXV YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO APOLLOS SMITH AND ANNA J. BRO WNELL,

BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 280,905, dated July 10, 1883.

Application filed April @1882. (No model.) 7

to or'steel and linings of copper or brass appliedseparately to the body portion of the shell and to the heads of the shell.

The invention consists in a novel process of manufacturing a boiler or other analogous arr ticle, said process consisting in forming the heads and providing them separately with linings; in taking asheet of metal suitable for the body and forming a hole therein; in applying a lining to said sheet and rolling or bending do them togetherintoa body of cylindric form; in riveting the longitudinal seam of the body and riveting the heads to the body; in soldering the longitudinal seam of the body and the seams which connect the body with the heads 2 5 while the hole in the body is still open, so that any air remaining between the lining and the body, and which would be expanded by the heat produced in soldering, may escape; in subject'- ing the article to hydraulic or pneumatic press- 50 ure on the inside, and in finally closing the hole in the body. As the hole in the body is open when the boiler or other article is subjected to internal pressure, any leak in the lining would be detected by water or air escaping from said 3 5 hole.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a boiler made by my improved process. Fig.2 is a section of a sheet of iron or steel having applied to it a 40 sheathing of copper, and suitable for use in the manufacture of the body 'of the boiler; and Fig. 3 is a similar section of the end portions of the same bent into shape to form. the body of the boiler.

spending parts in all the figures.

A designates a sheet of iron or steel forming V the body of the shell of the boiler.

B designates the heads of the boiler, which are made of the same material.

Similar letters of reference designate corre--' ,O designates a lining of copper applied to the interior of the body A of the boiler-shell.

D designates linings of copper applied sepa rately to the heads, and extending aroundtheir edges and over the adjacent portion of their exterior.

I apply the copper G to the sheet A, asshown particularly in Fig.2, and I preferablylap the ends of the copper around the ends of said sheet. The sheet and the copper lining will then be bent or rolled together into a cylindric shape at oneoperation. The end of the sheet which is inside the boiler is then also covered by the copper, and the ends of the copper are brought together, so as to form a good joint. I do not desire, however, to confine myself to this method of construction, as the copper need not be lapped around the ends of said sheet, but could terminate at the ends of the sheet, and be united by the same rivets, a, which unite the ends of the sheet.

The linings D may be applied to the heads B in any suitable manner; but I prefer to spin them directly into the heads. In thus applying them the air is effectually expelled from between them and theheads, and as their edges overlap the edges of the heads there is no clan ger of leakage through them to the heads.

In the sheet A is a hole, 0, whichis formed before the lining O is applied to said sheet,and which is here represented as screw-threaded, so that a plug, (1, may be secured therein. This plug is, however, not inserted until the boiler is otherwise complete. After the sheet A and its lining C have been bent or rolled into shape to form the body, they are secured by rivets a to form the longitudinal seam, and the body is secured to the heads B by rivets b. It will be observed that the lining of the heads fits against the lining of the body. Afterthe 0 parts are put together as above described, I solder the longitudinal seam of the body and the seams which connect the body and heads. This is done while the hole 0 is open, and consequently any air remaining between the lining 5 of the body and the body, and which would be expanded by the heat produced in soldering, can escape freely through said hole. After the soldering is finished, I subject the boiler to hydraulic or pneumatic pressure on the inside I00 by means of any suitable apparatus. This forces the copper lining tightly against the body A, and thereby drives out any air which may have been between the lining and body. If there is any leakage in the lining, water or air will subsequently escape from the hole a;

- henceif none escapes, it will be evident that no leak exists in the lining. After this test,

the plug (1 is screwed into or otherwise secured in the hole 0, white lead or red lead being employed to make a tight joint, and the boiler is then complete. Of course any'number of theholes 0 may be employed, and the heads"; if desirable, may be provided with similar holes for the same purpose.

The improvement is applicable to steam as well as water boilers'and to other analogous articles.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The process of manufacturing a boiler or other analogous article, consisting in forming the heads and providing them separatelywith and the body, and which wouldbe expanded by the heat produced in soldering, may escape; in subjecting the article to hydraulic or pneumatic pressure on the inside, and in finally closing the hole in the body, allsubstantially as and for the purpose herein described.

WILLIs L. BROWNELL.

Witnes ses: I I

FREDK. HAYNES, '1; J. KEANE. 

